Knapsack Problem: -

 

-In this problem you have a backpack. In this backpack, you want to carry items that have both weight and value. However, you can't carry everything because your backpack has a weight limit.

-Your goal is to select items from a set in a way that you maximize the total value of what you carry while making sure you don't exceed the weight limit.

 

Now, there are two approaches to this:

1. 0/1 Knapsack: This is like a strict "yes" or "no" decision. You either take the whole item, or you don't take it at all.

 

2. Fractional Knapsack: In this scenario, you have more flexibility. You can take a piece or fraction of an item if it helps you optimize the value-to-weight ratio.

 

-In real life, the knapsack problem mirrors many situations we encounter. People use this in real life for making choices, like how to manage their money, time, or resources wisely. It's like a fun puzzle to find the best solution.